Analysis of the impact of free trade agreements on the growth of Iraqi non-oil exports: An analytical study for the period 2010-2025

Abstract

This research evaluates the impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), primarily the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA), on stimulating Iraq’s non-oil exports from 2010 to 2025. Adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, the study reveals that these agreements have had a limited effect on economic diversification, with the trade balance tilting in favour of imports. The findings highlight that non-tariff barriers, exchange rate volatility, and bureaucracy remain the primary obstacles to global market access. Consequently, the study recommends activating export subsidy policies for the manufacturing and agricultural sectors and upgrading quality infrastructure to ensure local products meet international standards.